Primer.



i.E H. OBERREICH.

PRIMER.

APPLICATION man DEc.2|. 1911.

Patented Apr. 29, 1919.

VNTE

LOUIE H. OERCBJEICH, F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

PRIMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr.. 29, 1919.

appiicatibaeieeiieeember 21, 1917. serial No. 208,221.

To all whom t may Gomera.'r

Be it known that I', Louis H UERREICH, a citizen of the United States, residihgat Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of; Indiana, haveinvented a new and useful Primer, of which the following'y is a specification.

It is'the object of my inventionto provide a primer for. internal' combustion engines, particularly for automobiles, which is re# liable and effective in'Y operation; and' Whichis inexpensive in` construction; It isa further object in the preferredlformvof myl in-` vention to provide auniform priming' charge, to heat this priming charge if de sired so asl to produce better vaporization,A

and to make automatic the priming action.

The accompanying drawing illustrates my invention. Figure 1 is a vertical section through the preferred form of my primer, showing it in connection with the asso ciated carbureter and: intake manifold ;y Fig; 2 is a perspective view of thelower endof the-heating element; Fig. 3 isa' section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4' is avertical section thro-ugha slightly modified form of primer,'in which the auxiliary reservoir is omitted.-

My primer is applicable to any style of carbureter and engine. It is shown inconnection with a ca-rbureter of one wellknown tvoe, supplying an intake manifold 11 and having a throttle 12 by which the intake to the intake manifold is controlled. This carbureter 10 has a float chamber 13 in which a constant fuel level is maintained' by a float valve 14, controlling the supply to the float chamber inI any suitable manner.

i My primer has a fuel supply inlet connected'by a pipe 16 tothe ioat chamber 13 of the carbureter', and a. discharge outlet 17 connected'by a pipe 18 to the intake mani# fold 11 of the engine at a point between the engine and the throttle valve 12 of the carbureter 10. The primer has'af tubular chamber 19 connected at the bottom to the inlet 15 and at the top to the discharge outlet 17, and in this tubular chamber 19 the fuel normally stands (when the engine is at rest) at the same levelV as in the float chamber 13. In the connection from theV float chamber 13 to the intake manifold 11 through the primer, I may provide either an automatic valve or a manually operated valve, or'both. p If the valve is manually operatefcL-il prefer to use the-valve 2G inthe pipeV 18 `above tlierioiinalfuel level, so as to avoid loss of fuel in case of leakage at the valve. This valve 20 is preferably operated by a rod 21 leading to any suitable control point, such as the dashboard of the associated automobile. If the valve is automatic, I prefer to make it a check valve, which lits in the vertical part of the fuel inlet 15 and is provided with a tapered upper end which seats upwardly against a valve seat 23 which is below the entrance to the chamber 19. The valve 22 opens by gravity but `is closed by suction, its opening movement being` limited by a cross wire 24 on which it rests when the engine is stationary. The valve 22 is conveniently formed of a piece of hexagonal bar with a conical end, and is of proper size so that the hexagon of its cross section is inscribed in the circle of the bore of the vertical part of the fuel inlet 15, as is clear from Fig. 3; so that the fuel passage is provided through the' narrow spaces between' the chords formed by the fiat sides of the hexagonal bar and thearcs intersected by such chords. The check valve 22 opens by gravity, but is lifted against its seat 23 when suction is developed in the intake manifold 11 by the associated engine.

I prefer to provide within the tubular chamber 19 an electric heating element 25, whichwhen energized hea-ts the fuel in `such chamber so that it passes as a vapor through the pipe 18 into the intake manifold, thus facilitating starting'. I prefer to make this heating element asa helical coil of wire wound on an insulating cylinder 26, on the lower end of which cylinder is mounted a metal disk 27 provided with cross slots 2S (see Fig. 2) for permitting the passage of the fuel although the disk 27 bears against the bottom and fits fairly closely against the sides of the chamber 19 so that it acts as a spacer for the heating element. The lower end of the wire coil is attached to this metal disk 27, and is grounded by the engagement thereof with the metal of the primer, such engagement being made firm by an insulating plug 29 which is screwed into the upper end of the chamber 19 to force the heating element downward so that the disk 17 firmly engages the bottom of the chamber. A metal rod 30 is set in the upper end of the insulating cylinder 26, and passes through the insulating plug 29, and

this rod 30 at its lower end is connected tol thev upper end of the heating coil 25 and. at

its upper end is provided with th-reads to receive nuts 31 to form a binding'post to permit the connection of the coil to awi-re 32 from anv suitable battery 33. Any suitable push button 34 may be provided in the circuit. This heating element is not always essentialfbutit --is desirable, especially in cold weather, for the lower grades-of gasolene which are now on the market.

Preferably, I provide an auxiliary reservoir 35, which isconnected to the tubular chamber 19 by a port 36. Such a reservoir is shown in Fig. 1, but is not provided in the arrangement shown in Fig. 4. The upper part of the auxiliary reservo-ir 35 is providedwith a capillary air vent 37, which opens into the' auxiliary reservoir 35 above the fuell level therein and opens to the atmosphere at a considerably higher point, so as t0 allow for some slight variation in the vertical position of the primer.

In operatiomlwhen the engine is at rest, the check valve 22 has dropped to its lower- 'most position by gravity, and the valve 2O may be either open or closed. The liquid in the chamber 19 and the auxiliary reservoir 35 vstands at the same level as that in the float chamber 13 of the carbureter, which level is determined by the iioat valve 14. In

'case the auxiliary reservoir 35 is not provided, the primer only contains fuel in the chamber 19, as' shown in Fig. 4.

When itis desired to start the engine, thc valve 2O is Opened if it is not alreadyopen, and the engine is cranked manually or by a starter in the usual manner. At this time, the throttle 12 of the carbureter is preferably nearlyor 'wholly closed, so that considerable suction is developed in the intake manifold 11. This suction is communicated to'the chamber 19, and causes fuel to be drawn therefrom through the discharge outlet 17 and the pipe 18 and discharged into the intake manifold 11 to make a rich mixture. The suction also lifts the check valve 22, so as to prevent inflow of fuel into the primer, s0 that the primer supplies fuel until the fuel which is stored in the chamber 19, and in the auxiliary reservoir 35 if it is provided, is substantially exhausted. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. the fuel is drawn from both the chamber 19 and the auxiliary reservoir 35, air entering the auxiliary reservoir by way of the atmosphere Avent 37, and the fuel being discharged in at least partly liquid form into the intake manifold. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4, if the valve 22 is provided, practically no liquid is discharged into the intake manifold in liquid form, but only that which is vaporized under the diminished pressure, save as there may be some slight leakage past the check valve 22. If the starting is diiiicult, as because the weather is cold or the fuel is low grade, the push button 34 is depressed, preferably before the engine is cranked, so that the heating coil 25 will heat the liquid fuel in the tubular chamber 19; this promotes vaporization and facilitates starting, and also facilitates the discharge of the fuel into the intake manifold 11 in the form shown in Fig. 4 by reason of the expansion due to the vaporization. Then the fuel contained in the chamber 19 and auxiliary reservoir 35 is exhausted, the engine willv ordinarily continue running with the fuel supply from the carbureter 10, and the check valve 22 will remain in uppermost or closed position so as to prevent any further supply of fuel through the primer; the manual valve 20 may also be closed when the engine isrunning. Though I prefer to provide both valves 20 and 22, it is necessary to provide'only one. If the engine will not continue running with the fuel supply from the carbureter 10, and

stops So that the suction condition in thel intake manifold 11 is destroyed, the check valve 22 drops open to allow another charge of fuel to enter the chamber 19 and auxiliary reservoir 34, whereupon the starting operation can immediately be repeated with a new starting charge, heated if desired, from the primer. Ordinarily the engine will start 0n thefirst charge; but if it does not the provision of the second or subsequent charges is automatically provided immediately upon the stopping of the engine after its failure to start.

I claim as my invention: A

1. In combination, a. carbureter having a throttle and a constant level fuel chamber, an intake manifold to which said carbureter is connected, a primer by-pass connected to said fuel chamber and to said intake mani fold around said throttle, a reservoir connected to said ley-pass and tothe atmosphere respectively below and above the liquid level` in the iiuid chamber, Vand a valve in said by-pass between its connection tosaid reservoir and the fuel chamber.

2. In combination, a carburetor having a throttle and a constant level fuel chamber, an intake manifold to which said carbureter is connected, a prin/ier having a. chamber connected to said fuel chamber and to said intake manifold so as to form a b v-pass around said |throttle, and a check valve in the connection between said fuel chamber and said primer chamber, said check valve being` arranged so Vthat it normally tends to open but is closed by suction developed in the intake manifold. i

3. In combination, a carbureter having a throttle and a constant level fuel chamber, an intake manifold to which said carbureter is connected, a primer having a chamber connected to said fuel chamber and'to said intake manifold so as to form a by-pass around said bottle, a check valve in the conpection between said fuel chamber and said primer chamber, said check valveI being4 alrrangedl soV that it normally .tends toV` 'open'y but'- is"v closed by suctiony de'velo'pedl in the intake manifold, andZ af manually operated valve inl the connection betweenr t'li'ef primer (Elrainber andthe intake?manifold:V

Il; In* combination, a carbureter having a"L throttle and a constant levell fuel chamber,- an intake manifoldtowhich saidA carbureter is Connectedajprimer havingat chamber conneotedz tof SaidLA fuel' chamber and to'` saidv in'- take 'manifoldv so fasjft'o' form abby-pass" 'found saldi-throttle, saidprimer having an auxil' iary reservoir' which; is connected Withthe* primer chamber below thenormal" fuel level and has an* atmospheric vent'above the nor-" mall fuel leveland'v a valve' in*l said by-pass between the con`s t "ant`l level fuel? chamber and' the primer chamber.

51. ln' combination, a carbnreter having throttle andra constant lever fuel chamber,

an' intake manifold to' which said carbuieter" is connected,` av primerl htwing` af .chai'nberV connected to lsaid fuel chamber and" to saidintake manifold so as` to formi a by-pass around said throttla'andl a* check'- valve in the connection between said?v fuel' chamber' and said primer chamber, said checkfvalve* said fuel chamber and to said intake manifold around said throttle, a reservoir connected to said bypass and to the atmosphere respectively below and above the liquid level in the fluid chamber, a valve in said by-pass between its connection to said reservoir and the fuel chamber, and a heating element in said by-pass.

7. ln combination, a carbureter having a throttle and a constant level` fuel chamber, an intake manifold to which said carbureter is connected, a primer having a chamber connected to said fuel chamber and to said intake manifold so as to form a by-pass around said throttle, a check valve in the connection between said fuel chamber and said primer chamber, said check valve being arranged so that it normally tends to open but is closed by suction developed in the intake manifold, and a heating element in said l primer chamber.

8. In combination, a carbureter having a throttle and a constant level fuel chamber, an intake manifold to which said carburetor is connected, a primer having a chamber connected toA said' fuel chamber and' to said intakeV I'nafnifoldl so' as' to form* a by-pass around saidv' throttle, said primer havingY an level and has an atmospheric'vent above theY normal fuel levelgla valve in said by-pass 'between l the constant level' fuel chamber and the primer chamber, anda'heating element in'said primer chamber.

9:;In combination, a-` carbureterl having a: throttle and a constantV levelj` fuel chamberfanfintakemanifold to which said carbu'- reter isconiiected, a primer having a' chamy` ber-connected t'o'said fuel chamber and to saidintakemanifoldfso as' tolform a bypassl aroundf Said'l throttle, a checkV valve in the connectionv between said fuel chamber and saidl primerchambe'r-, said check valve being arranged-so thatv it: normally tends to open but" .is 'closed'.b'y suction developed in the' intakemanifold, said;V primer having an auxiliary reservoir which is connected: withy the primer chamber below thenormal fuel* level andrh'asanatmospheric vent above the normal fuelle-vel, and aheating element in said primer chamber.

10. primer, comprising al' chamber arr rangedv for connectionto a fuel source' of substantially constant ,levelv and to an intake maiiifold,` said chamber beingat substan# tially the fuel level 'of said fuel source, and a-check-valveinronc lof saidiconnect'ions, said check valve being arranged so that it normally tends to open but is closed by the suction developed in said intake manifold.

11. A primer, comprising a chamber arranged for connection to a fuel source of substantially constant level and to an intake manifold, said chamber being at substantially the fuel level of said fuel source, and a check valve in the connection between said chamber and said fuel source, said check valve being arranged so that it normally tends to open but is closed by the suction developed in said chamber.

12. A primer, comprising a chamber ar ranged for connection to a fuel source of substantially constant level and to an intake manifold, said chamber being at substantially the fuel level of said fuel source, said primer having an auxiliary reservoir which is connected with the primer chamber be- Vlow the normal fuel level and has an atmospheric vent above the normal fuel level and a valve in the connection between the fuel source and the connection between the primer chamber and the auxiliary reservoir.

13. A primer, comprising a chamber arranged for connection to a fuel source of substantially constant level and to an intake manifold, said chamber being at substantially the fuel level of said fuel source, and a check valve in the connection between said chamber and. said fuel source, said,

tion developed in said chamber, said primer having an auxiliary reservoir which 1s conf nected with the primer lchamber below the normal fuel level and has an atmospheric vent above the normal fuel level.

14. A primer, comprising a chamber arrangedfor connection to a fuel source of substantially constant level and to an intake manifold, said chamber-being at ,substantially the fuel level of `said fuel source, a check valve in 'one of said connections, said check valve being arranged so that it normally tends to open but is closed by the-suction developed in said intake manifold,- and a heating element in said primer chamber. 15. A primer, comprising a chamber arranged for connection to a fuel source of substantially constant level and to an intake manifold, said chamber being at substan-` tially thev fuel level of said fuel source, a' check'valve in the connection between saidV chamber, and said fuel source, said check valve being arranged so that it normally tends to open but is closed by the suction developed in said chamber, and a heating element in said primer chamber.

substantially constant level andto an intake Copies of this patent may be obtained for manifold,I said chamber beingat substantially the fuel level of said fuelsource, said primer having an auxiliary reservoir which is connected with the primer chamber below the normal fuel level and has an atmospheric vent above the normal fuel level, a valvein the connection between the fuel source and the connection between the primer chamber and theVauXiliary reservoir, and a heating element in said primer chamber.

17. Aprimer, comprising a chamber ar-V the normal fuel'level, and a heating element in 'said primer chamber.-4

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Indianapolis, Indiana, this 17th day of December, A. D.V one thousand nine hundred and seventeen. 1

` LoUiE nonna-REICH.

ve cents each', by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

